ANALYSIS OF THE EFFICIENCY OF OPERATION OF MODERN CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR BRUSHLESS TRACTION MOTORS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18664/1994-7852.214.2025.352044Ключові слова:
operational efficiency, brushless traction motor, traction rolling stock, control system, efficiency, recuperationАнотація
The further development of railway traction rolling stock is currently largely associated with the predominant use of brushless traction motors, primarily asynchronous ones. However, the efficiency of brushless traction drives largely depends on the control system, which forms the optimal current distribution, ensures smooth acceleration, reliable braking with recuperation, and stable operation in a wide range of modes. At the same time, the implementation of control systems in brushless traction drives of railway transport is accompanied by a number of technical and operational problems. The purpose of the article is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of operating conditions and assess the energy efficiency of modern brushless traction motor control systems used in traction rolling stock, in order to determine their advantages, disadvantages and promising areas of improvement, which will allow formulating recommendations for choosing optimal algorithms and technical solutions for specific operating conditions of traction rolling stock.
The object of the study is the control processes of brushless traction electric motors in electric drives of traction rolling stock. The paper considers the main types of brushless traction machines (synchronous with permanent magnets, asynchronous), modern control algorithms (vector control, direct torque regulation, adaptive and optimizing approaches), as well as hardware solutions for converters and diagnostic systems. A comparative analysis of losses and efficiency indicators was carried out in typical driving modes (acceleration, steady driving, braking with recuperation) taking into account temperature and load factors. The proposed methodology includes modeling in a simulation computer environment, construction of efficiency maps, and experimental validation on a bench with an inverter and current/voltage/temperature sensors. The expected result of the work is recommendations for optimizing control algorithms and drive configurations to increase the efficiency of traction motors, as well as a set of criteria for selecting a drive depending on the operating mode of traction rolling stock. The practical value lies in the possibility of using the research results in the design and modernization of electric motors of traction rolling stock, which will increase the reliability of transport vehicles.
Посилання
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