METHODS AND MEANS OF IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF TRACTION MOTOR OPERATION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18664/1994-7852.216.2026.362449Ключові слова:
traction motor, locomotive, operational efficiency, electric machine, energy efficiency, resourceАнотація
The efficient operation of locomotive traction motors is one of the key factors in the reliability, energy efficiency, and cost-effectiveness of rail transport. With the growth in transport volumes, increased speeds, more complex track profiles, and an aging locomotive fleet, the issue of ensuring stable and reliable operation of traction electric machines is becoming particularly relevant. Traction motors operate in difficult operating conditions characterized by significant mechanical, electromagnetic, and thermal loads, as well as uneven operating modes, which negatively affects their service life and performance.
The current development of power electronics, control systems, materials science, and information technology creates the conditions for the introduction of new methods and means of improving the efficiency of traction motors. At the same time, the practical implementation of such solutions requires a thorough analysis of the operating conditions of traction electric machines, systematization of existing approaches to energy conservation, improvement of reliability and durability, as well as assessment of the capabilities of modern means of technical diagnostics and monitoring of technical condition.
The object of the study is the operational electromagnetic, thermal, and energy processes that occur in locomotive traction motors during their operation in real operating conditions. The work reviews and summarizes methods and means of improving the efficiency of locomotive traction motors, taking into account real operating factors. The influence of load modes, thermal processes, and the nature of interaction with power converters and control systems on the operational performance of traction motors is analyzed. Modern methods of optimizing operating modes aimed at reducing electrical and mechanical losses, improving thermal conditions, and increasing efficiency are considered. Special attention is paid to reviewing technical diagnostics and monitoring tools for traction motors, in particular systems for continuous monitoring of temperature, currents, vibrations, and insulation parameters. It is shown that the introduction of such means allows to implement the concept of operation based on technical condition, to detect defects in a timely manner, to predict the remaining resource and to reduce the probability of emergency failures.
Посилання
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